Unemployment rate is the percentage of the labor force that is unemployed and actively looking for work.

Formula:

Important distinction:

  • It is based on the labor force, not the total population.
  • People not working and not seeking work are not counted as unemployed.

Why it matters:

  • Rising unemployment usually signals weaker economic activity.
  • Falling unemployment often appears during a business-cycle expansion.

This note is most useful alongside Business Cycle and GDP.