The income statement shows profitability over a period.

Basic flow:

Common lines:

  • revenue
  • cost of goods sold
  • operating expenses
  • interest expense
  • tax expense
  • net income

What it answers:

  • Did the company make money during the period?
  • Where are the main costs?
  • Are margins improving or weakening?

One widely used derived metric is EBITDA, but it should not replace full statement analysis.